HOME / types of 5g nr base stations a comprehensive overview
These names originate from the 3GPP study of 5G radio access technologies documented within 3GPP Technical Report 38.801. Both architectures have Base Stations that connect to the 5G Core Network. The 'option 2' architecture is based on a gNode B connected to the 5G Core Network.
5G networks divide coverage areas into smaller zones called cells, enabling devices to connect to local base stations via radio. Each station connects to the broader telephone network and the Internet through high-speed optical fiber or wireless backhaul.
A 5G Base Station is known as a gNode B (next 'generation' Node B). This is in contrast to a 4G Base Station which is known as an eNode B ('evolved' Node B), and a 3G Base Station which is known as a Node B. Figure 21 illustrates two Standalone (SA) Base Station architectures, known as 'option 2' and 'option 5'.
5G Base Stations: Compared to 4G base stations, 5G brings higher data throughput and power density, significantly increasing heat generation. Therefore, the performance requirements for thermal materials are much higher. ● Small/Micro Base Stations: These base stations are compact, with limited space, making thermal design more challenging.
Base stations are the backbone of wireless networks, facilitating communication between mobile devices and the network infrastructure. In LTE (Long Term Evolution) networks, these base stations are known as eNodeBs (evolved Node Bs), while in 5G networks, they are referred to as gNodeBs (next-generation Node Bs).
5G networks divide coverage areas into smaller zones called cells, enabling devices to connect to local base stations via radio. Each station connects to the broader telephone network and the Internet through high-speed optical fiber or wireless backhaul.
5G Base Stations: Compared to 4G base stations, 5G brings higher data throughput and power density, significantly increasing heat generation. Therefore, the performance requirements for thermal materials are much higher. ● Small/Micro Base Stations: These base stations are compact, with limited space, making thermal design more challenging.
In particular, the 5G base station significantly requires more energy compared to the 4G system, especially when higher frequencies are in action. Due to the very short range of millimeter waves, several stations are required for getting complete coverage. This in turn, increases the overall energy consumption.
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