2020 Grid Energy Storage Technology Cost and
As part of the Energy Storage Grand Challenge, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is leading the development of a detailed cost and performance database for a variety of energy
Energy storage and its impact on the grid and transportation sectors have expanded globally in recent years as storage costs continue to fall and new opportunities are defined across a variety of industry sectors and applications.
Innovations in energy storage technologies, particularly with lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, have substantially reduced costs. Current market conditions, shaped by supply chain dynamics and governmental policies such as the Inflation Reduction Act, highlight the growing demand for grid stability.
Looking at 100 MW systems, at a 2-hour duration, gravity-based energy storage is estimated to be over $1,100/kWh but drops to approximately $200/kWh at 100 hours. Li-ion LFP offers the lowest installed cost ($/kWh) for battery systems across many of the power capacity and energy duration combinations.
This report provides an overview of the supply chain resilience associated with several grid energy storage technologies. It provides a map of each technology's supply chain, from the extraction of raw materials to the production of batteries or other storage systems, and discussion of each supply chain step.
PDF version includes complete article with source references. Suitable for printing and offline reading.
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